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Japanese Culture / Naming

... Naming Conventions Japanese naming conventions arrange names as follows: [FAMILY NAME] [given name]. For example, YAMAMOTO Yukio (male) and SATŌ Akari (female). The family name (known as ‘myouji’ or ‘ue no namae’) is inherited patrilineall ...

Japanese Culture / Communication

... Verbal Indirect Communication: Japanese people are generally indirect communicators. They may be ambiguous when answering questions as a way to maintain harmony, prevent a loss of face, or out of politeness. People are often attentive to n ...

Japanese Culture / Greetings

... Greetings are very context-dependent in Japan. The formality and social context of a situation dictates what gestures and phrases are used to greet people. Thus, there are a variety of greetings used. In Japan, the most co ...

Buddhism: Mahāyāna / Social Structure and Institutions

... Branches of Mahāyāna Buddhism The phrase ‘Mahāyāna Buddhism’ is often used as an umbrella term referring to numerous schools of Buddhism that generally accept the same doctrinal innovations. These include concepts such as the bodhisattva ideal, emptiness ...

Buddhism: Mahāyāna / Introduction

... Buddhism is a religion founded upon and inspired by the teachings of the individual referred to as ‘Buddha’. The tradition originated in northern India as one among multiple countermovements to the dominant religion at the time (approx. 4th century BCE). B ...

Japanese Culture / Do's and Don'ts

... Do's A good conversation topic is the hometown or prefecture (local area) of your Japanese counterpart. Many take pride in the region they are from and feel a deep sense of belonging to their region of birth, even if they left many years a ...

Christianity: Eastern Orthodox / Social Structure and Institutions

... Church Structure The Eastern Orthodox Church is a fellowship of self-governing churches, which are either ‘autocephalous’ (independently administered and self-governed) or ‘autonomous’ (self-governed but also dependent on an autocephalous church). Bishops ...

Buddhism: Mahāyāna / Rituals and Practices

... Life Cycle Rites In some countries, Buddhism is connected to life cycle events. The most significant life cycle event commemorated in Mahāyāna Buddhism is a series of funeral rituals. In China and Japan, there is a common cultural practic ...

South Korean Culture / Do's and Don'ts

... Do’s Laugh with Koreans whenever possible as they enjoy sharing humour. Make an effort to compliment what you like about Korea. This may help in giving you ‘face’. Be aware of how you fit in the social hierarchy that Koreans observe. Discern who is superio ...

Nepalese Culture / References

... The primary author of this profile was Nina Evason, originally published in 2017. Adhikari, R. (2001). Nepalese. In J. Jupp, The Australian People: An Encyclopedia of the Nation, its People and Their Origins (p. 602). Cambridge University Press. Aryal, R., ...

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